AMR Stands to Gain Vast Route Network
By JACK NICAS
The anticipated marriage of American Airlines parent AMR Corp. and US Airways Group Inc. would represent a departure from other airline mergers in recent decades, aimed more at creating a huge route network that leapfrogs the competition, rather than at culling money-losing and overlapping flights.
The prospective deal could restore American, which has suffered billions of dollars of losses in recent years, to its former status as the world's biggest carrier.
The new American would have hubs at seven of the nine busiest U.S. airports and boast a strong presence in Europe and Latin America. It would suddenly become a major player in Boston and Tampa, Fla., and at New York's LaGuardia Airport and Reagan National Airport near Washington.
The merger would be good news for frequent fliers of both American and US Airways, offering them dozens of new destinations and a healthier, more stable airline industry. But the deal wouldn't solve a crucial problem for the airline: a lack of service to Asia, the world's fastest-growing air market.
American's main rivals, United Continental Holdings Inc . and Delta Air Lines Inc., are the two biggest carriers between the U.S. and Asia, accounting for nearly a third of the seats on those routes, according to Innovata LLC, which analyzes airline- schedule data. American accounts for less than 5% of those seats, and US Airways doesn't fly to Asia at all.
"China is the flashing red light this merger doesn't address," said Bill Swelbar, an airline researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
United and Delta also enjoy partnerships with big Chinese carriers, but the Oneworld airline alliance, in which American is expected to remain after the merger, lacks a member in mainland China.
As reported, AMR and US Airways are ironing out the final details of a merger. The plan still could fall apart if they can't agree on economic and management issues. And any such deal would require approval of the U.S. Bankruptcy Judge overseeing AMR's reorganization and the U.S. Justice Department.
The expected merger poses potential disadvantages for fliers. Rick Seaney, chief executive of FareCompare.com, said less competition, both now and in the future, means an overall increase in airfares over the long term. But other analysts say that because American and US Airways overlap on just 12 routesnearly all between their hubsthe merger wouldn't significantly increase fares.
Jonathan Kletzel, head of the transportation practice at accounting and consulting firm PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, said mergers don't necessarily lead to an increase in fares, and that from 2004 through 2011a period that includes some of the biggest airline mergersdomestic airfares actually decreased by nearly 1% a year when adjusted for inflation.
But he expects fares to rise over the next several years, with or without the merger, as the industry has gotten better at making fare increases stick.
There also are questions over whether the combined carrier could support eight hubs and, if not, which U.S. city might be on the chopping block. In most recent airline mergers, at least one hub has suffered deep cuts to its service, such as Cincinnati following the 2008 merger of Delta and Northwest Airlines.
In the expected American tie-up, analysts point to Phoenix as the likely target, partly because it is sandwiched between American hubs Los Angeles and Dallas.
A merger would give American's frequent fliers greater flexibility. "American has been squeezed out east of the Mississippi" River, said aviation consultant Mike Boyd. "So for frequent fliers at AA, you'll have a lot more options."
The merger also would be a boon for US Airways fliers from its three hubsCharlotte, N.C., Philadelphia and Phoenixwho could connect to one of American's five hubsNew York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Dallas and Miamito fly on to more than 125 new destinations, many in Texas, the Midwest and Latin America, according to Innovata. US Airways would contribute nearly 60 unique destinations, mostly clustered in the northeastern U.S.
US Airways would boost American's service to Europe, with near daily flights from Philadelphia to 11 European cities, including Amsterdam, Brussels, Munich and Rome, four cities not served by American.
The deal also would bolster American as the No. 1 U.S. carrier in Latin America, buoyed by its 71% market share in Miami. US Airways would add more flights to the Caribbean and, more importantly, would allow American to pull traffic from dozens of new cities in the northeastern U.S.
Combining American's and US Airways' traffic would make the combined carrier a strong presence at several important U.S. airports, including Boston and Tampa, which could help the airline win new corporate contracts.
At LaGuardia, where Delta has built a 40% market share, the new American would increase its market share to 31% from less than 20%, according to Innovata.
At Reagan National Airport, nearly half of which is currently controlled by US Airways, the new American would offer 62% of departing seats. However, in its antitrust review of the expected merger, the Justice Department could force the carrier to divest some of those slots at the flight-constricted airport.
The mergers that formed what are now the world's two largest airlines, United and Delta, surpassing American, were intended to reduce capacity in an industry known for chasing market share over profits. American's expected merger with US Airways is about catching up.
The recent wave of consolidation has meant higher profits and more stability for the industry, which has led airlines to invest in technology, new airplanes and better customer service. "It's not all bad news," said Mr. Seaney of FareCompare. "A healthy airline industry means a better flying experience overall."
Write to Jack Nicas at jack.nicas@wsj.com