I've got that letter. If the stock goes up, fewer shares will be issued, and thus, you'll get fewer shares in the final distribution. You're correct about that. The reason that fewer shares will be issued if the stock goes up is because the creditors who foolishly lent money to AA get a fixed dollar amount in satisfaction of their claims.
Look at that letter and multiply the total shares by the 120 day price and you'll see that if the stock goes up, the total value of the stock to the employees increases. If the stock price goes down, then yes, the total value of the stock goes down.
The TWU employees get 4.8% of the stock issued to AA constituents (4.8% of the 72%). If the stock doubles in value at the 120 day window, the employees will share in that gain. If it falls to half at 120 days (around $11/sh), then employees lose big.
No, at 120 days, employees get enough stock so that they share the 23.6% they were promised. The APA will get 13.5% of the new stock, the APFA will get 3%, the TWU will get its 4.8% and the non-union, non-executives (agents, support staff and management) will get the remaining 2.3%.
No, the initial price of the AAL stock matched the Friday close of LCC, but employees will get 23.6% of the new AAL stock that's issued to the AMR creditors/claimants/stockholders. The only people whose claims are a fixed dollar amount are the people who were owed money by AMR. Employee claims will be fixed percentage of the total number of shares issued to the AMR creditors/claimants. The total number of shares making up that 72% is unknown at this time, but by April 9, the AA employees will own 23.6% of that 72% whether the stock is trading for $1/sh or $100/sh.
Who wins really big if the stock goes up? Employees win some, but the stockholders of old AMR (AAMRQ) win really big if the stock stays up. As common stockholders, they get what's left, and the higher AAL goes, the more they get.
No, the employees are owed 23.6% of the total number of shares issued to the AMR creditors/claimants. We know that the stockholders of old US Airways (LCC) got one share of AAL for each share of LCC. They get nothing more. No matter where the stock price goes. We also know that their shares of AAL are exactly 28% of the total number of shares of AAL. The other 72% are the AMR creditors, the AA employees and the holders of old AMR stock (AAMRQ).
No, that's completely wrong. You're a stockholder - you own a percentage of the company. The higher it goes, the more value your percentage is worth.
Your cost basis was the Friday closing price of LCC. That price is ordinary income to employees (just like wages). Everything above that is capital gains (taxed at lower rates).