FWAAA and jimntx: you're right we should all share in the downside:
Posted on Sun, Dec. 14, 2003
American executives should get higher pay
By Mitchell Schnurman
Star-Telegram Staff Writer
Gerard Arpey
Don Carty
American Airlines can't afford to give big raises to its managers, not politically, maybe not even financially.
But can American really afford not to?
American is paying way below market rates for its management team, so it's not surprising that a brain drain is under way at the world's largest airline.
The chief financial officer left in November. The head of the frequent-flier program recently went to Marriott. The guy overseeing AA.com left in September.
American has 47 officers, its highest rank for executives, and the company says that seven have left this year for jobs elsewhere. In 2000, when the economy was booming, just one American officer resigned.
If there's that much action among American's elite class, imagine the stirring in the middle levels.
A local recruiter told me that headhunters are circling the company like a pack of wolves around an injured caribou.
Despite American's brush with bankruptcy last spring, its managers are still highly regarded by corporate America. They're well-trained, well-educated and experienced in big deals.
Turnover at American is highest in the departments where skills easily transfer to other industries -- legal, finance, purchasing and sales.
The hits often have a domino effect, depleting the company's bench strength. After a senior executive went to AT&T, he reached back and recruited two top American alums. Kinko's recently hired three American finance managers, and 7-Eleven picked off two.
Early last week, four corporate salespeople had new offers.
Many workers at the airline would probably shrug their shoulders at these developments and say, "Good riddance." They would note that American's leaders haven't exactly delivered the goods the past few years, so they're probably being paid what they're worth.
There's an element of truth in this line of thinking. As you move up the executive food chain, more of the total pay package hinges on performance. American managers haven't received raises or bonuses for three years because the company has lost billions during that time.
It's starting to recover now, primarily because everyone agreed to give up a lot in pay, benefits and work rules. Union concessions, valued at about 25 percent of payroll, were key to American staving off bankruptcy.
Managers had to go along with the program -- to save money and to stand as a symbol of shared sacrifice.
Now there's a new reality, even if it's a hard one for the rank and file to swallow: American's managers are underpaid, often by 20 percent, maybe 50 percent.
That's what the market is saying -- in raw numbers, in the number of managers bolting.
Chief Executive Officer Gerard Arpey is being paid $513,700 this year, and he won't get a bonus or stock options. The median CEO salary and bonus last year was $1.8 million, according to a survey of 350 large companies by Mercer Human Resource Consulting for The Wall Street Journal.
Include the value of long-term pay incentives, such as stock options and stock grants, and the median value is nearly $8 million.
Jeff Campbell left American last month to become chief financial officer at McKesson Corp., a health care services company. Campbell's pay hasn't been disclosed yet, but I'm betting that he doubled his total package.
At American, he was paid less than Arpey this year. The median salary and bonus for corporate CFOs was $728,700, according to a recent Mercer survey. Campbell's predecessor at McKesson, William Graber, was paid $1.2 million, plus another $1.3 million in long-term incentives.
Those gaps are enormous, but within the depressed airline industry, they're not as great. At Southwest Airlines, for example, executives are paid about the same as American execs, but like other Southwest employees, they make it up with stock options.
Southwest's work culture and fast growth rates also make it an employer of choice.
Some leaders at American will simply accept the status quo, betting on a turnaround and a big payday down the road. Many others have already lost their patience.
Money isn't even the only reason for the exodus. It's also about limited opportunity.
Executives in their 40s are looking ahead to their most productive years, and it's disheartening to consider spending them at a shrinking company, in a shrinking part of the industry. In the past, American attracted top talent and retained it by offering a fast career path, not the highest salaries.
Now officials are emphasizing lateral movement and the chance to learn a broader range of skills, at least until the business cycle turns up and growth resumes.
American also has a continuing problem with a divisive culture. It has made progress in relationships with its unions, but there's still a deep resentment on both sides. Many executives are eager to just get away from it.
All this, plus the heated competition from discount carriers, makes American's turnaround a tough one. Recruiting managers to this kind of situation usually requires a significant premium.
In bankruptcy reorganizations, for example, companies often must offer a retention bonus to keep executives. That's what former American CEO Don Carty put in place about a year ago.
But Carty kept the bonuses secret, rather than sell them to the unions. When they were disclosed, he lost his job and the bonuses were canceled.
With that history, Arpey will have a hard time selling a bigger bonus plan for management today, or more stock options for the group.
Maybe he should plead the obvious: that the market is making him do it.
Most union workers could never match their American salaries in the open market because their pay systems are based on seniority. If they left, their careers would start over.
But many American managers have much richer choices. They can take a similar job elsewhere, with higher pay and better prospects.
That's the world American has to compete in, and it doesn't come cheap.
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Mitchell Schnurman's column appears Wednesdays and Sundays. (817) 390-7821 schnurman@star-telegram.com